Integrating Electric Vehicles into the Norwegian Power Grid: A Case Study – Emphasizing the Implementation of Flexibility
Challenge and objective
The electrification of the transport sector increases the strain on the Norwegian low-voltage grid (LV) due to increased home charging of electric vehicles (EVs).
The objective of the work was to investigate charging strategies to mitigate grid strain (voltage problems) and enhance flexibility, particularly through coordinated charging and bidirectional charging.
Work performed
Detailed modelling and simulation of home charging scenarios for passenger EVs were conducted.
Grid impact (voltage problems) was investigated for the CINELDI MV reference system extended with an LV grid.
Several charging strategies were investigated, including normal charging, constant charging, smart charging, and vehicle-to-home (V2H, bidirectional) charging.
Significant results
The results compare charging scenarios in terms of load, voltage, and flexibility potential.
Smart charging and bidirectional strategies like V2H show potential for reducing voltage problems by shifting loads away from peak hours.
Impact for distribution system innovation
The research emphasizes the importance of flexible charging strategies to handle increasing EV load demand.
Implementing smart and bidirectional charging enhances grid flexibility and thus helps to reduce grid problems.
